The Hindu: Published on 8th June 2025:
Why in News?
India is witnessing a rise in COVID-19 cases, with over 5,755 active cases reported recently. This uptick follows similar trends in Southeast Asia. New Omicron sub-variants are being tracked, raising questions on preparedness, preventive action, and vaccine strategy.
Background:
COVID-19, declared a pandemic in 2020, has now moved into an endemic stage in most parts of the world, including India. Immunity from earlier infections and vaccinations has reduced the severity of infections, but emerging sub-variants continue to challenge public health systems intermittently.
Current Situation:
Rising mild cases across states such as Kerala, West Bengal, and Tamil Nadu.
Dominant variants: Sub-lineages of Omicron like NB.1.8.1 and LF.7, descended from JN.1.
Symptoms: Mostly mild and flu-like — fever, sore throat, runny nose, fatigue, body aches.
Severity: Low; most patients recover at home with symptomatic treatment.
Medical System Preparedness:
Hospitals report no strain on infrastructure or ICU capacities.
Doctors highlight readiness, with prior experience handling surges.
Some challenges remain: lack of vaccine stock and waning public vigilance.
Advice from Medical Experts:
Preventive measures like masking, avoiding crowds, and hand hygiene remain crucial.
No mass vaccination drive needed now due to existing hybrid immunity (infection + vaccination).
High-risk groups like the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with co-morbidities may still need booster doses.
Vaccine Status & Policy:
India administered over 220 crore doses since 2021 (Covaxin and Covishield).
Booster dose demand low; many existing vaccines have expired.
Experts like ICMR's Director General say mass booster drives not required currently, but future production can be ramped up quickly if needed.
High-Risk Groups:
People with no prior infection or vaccination
Immunocompromised individuals
Senior citizens with co-morbidities
Doctors suggest case-by-case evaluation for these groups regarding booster doses.
Government & Legal Stand:
Delhi High Court has asked the Centre for a status report on testing protocols and infrastructure.
Some state health departments remain non-committal on booster policy due to lack of clear epidemiological data.
What Lies Ahead?
- Monitor virus mutations and trends closely.
- Ensure rapid test availability and sample sequencing.
- Promote public awareness on preventive practices.
- Remain flexible and ready to reintroduce measures if variants evolve with higher severity or escape immunity.
