South Korean Opposition moves to impeach President Yoon for declaring martial law

The Hindu: Published on December 05, 2024:

Why in News? 

South Korea’s Opposition parties have submitted a motion to impeach President Yoon Suk-yeol following his abrupt declaration of martial law, which lasted only six hours. This unprecedented move drew widespread criticism and highlighted political tensions in the country.

The Story So Far:

Martial Law Declaration: President Yoon declared martial law, citing threats from “anti-state” forces.

Reversal by Parliament: The National Assembly unanimously voted to lift the order, rendering the martial law ineffective within hours.

Political Backlash: The Democratic Party and smaller Opposition parties, holding a majority in parliament, are demanding President Yoon’s resignation.

Key Issues:

Constitutional Violation: The Opposition alleges that the declaration was unconstitutional and a grave act of rebellion.

Impeachment Process: Impeaching President Yoon requires a two-thirds majority in parliament and endorsement by six of nine Constitutional Court justices.

Government Shake-Up: Senior officials, including the Defence Minister, have offered to resign amid the political turmoil.

Ongoing Developments:

Opposition Strength: With 192 seats in the 300-member National Assembly, the Democratic Party and allies are close to the two-thirds threshold required for impeachment.

Next Steps: The motion could be voted on by Friday, with potential for further legal and political battles.

Impact on Governance: If impeached, President Yoon’s powers will be suspended, and Prime Minister Han Duck-soo will assume presidential responsibilities.