Geological Structure of Bihar

Geological Structure of Bihar

Static GK / Geological Structure of Bihar

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Bihar's rocks belong to four major systems:

1. Dharwar Rock System (Pre-Cambrian)

Found in SE Bihar: Aurangabad, Gaya, Nawada, Jamui, Munger.
Composed of mica, schist, quartzite, phyllite, gneiss.
Oldest metamorphic rocks; Azoic with no fossils.

2. Vindhyan Rock System (Pre-Cambrian)

Found in Kaimur district and Son Valley (Rohtas).
Sedimentary rocks: sandstone, limestone, dolomite, quartzite, shale.
Non-metalliferous and unfossiliferous.

3. Tertiary Rock System (Cenozoic Era, 66–2.6 million years ago)

Found in north-western Bihar (Terai/Shiwalik region).
Rocks: sandstone, sandy shale, mudstone, conglomerate.

4. Quaternary Rock System (Pleistocene, last 1 million years)

Found between Himalayan Terai in north and Chota Nagpur plateau in south.
Recent deposits, containing fossils of living species.
Rocks: sandstone, conglomerate, coarse gravel.

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