Geological Structure of Bihar

Geological Structure of Bihar

Static GK   /   Geological Structure of Bihar

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Bihar's rocks belong to four major systems:

 

1. Dharwar Rock System (Pre-Cambrian)

  • Found in SE Bihar: Aurangabad, Gaya, Nawada, Jamui, Munger.
  • Composed of mica, schist, quartzite, phyllite, gneiss.
  • Oldest metamorphic rocks; Azoic with no fossils.

2. Vindhyan Rock System (Pre-Cambrian)

  • Found in Kaimur district and Son Valley (Rohtas).
  • Sedimentary rocks: sandstone, limestone, dolomite, quartzite, shale.
  • Non-metalliferous and unfossiliferous.

3. Tertiary Rock System (Cenozoic Era, 66–2.6 million years ago)

  • Found in north-western Bihar (Terai/Shiwalik region).
  • Rocks: sandstone, sandy shale, mudstone, conglomerate.

4. Quaternary Rock System (Pleistocene, last 1 million years)

  • Found between Himalayan Terai in north and Chota Nagpur plateau in south.
  • Recent deposits, containing fossils of living species.
  • Rocks: sandstone, conglomerate, coarse gravel.
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