The Hindu: Published on 15th April 2025:
Why in News?
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has launched fresh onshore and underwater archaeological explorations in Dwarka and Beyt Dwarka, Gujarat, to search for and scientifically analyze submerged archaeological remains. This initiative aims to shed light on the cultural and historical antiquity of Dwarka — a city deeply rooted in ancient Indian mythology and historical narratives, especially connected to Lord Krishna.
What is the Objective of the Exploration?
To identify, document, and analyze submerged archaeological remains.
To verify the antiquity of the recovered objects using scientific methods.
To expand the scope of previous findings from 2005–2007.
To establish Dwarka’s role as a major center in India’s cultural and historical legacy.
Why Dwarka is Important?
Dwarka is believed to be the ancient kingdom of Lord Krishna, as mentioned in epic texts like the Mahabharata and Harivamsa.
It is considered one of the seven sacred cities (Sapta Puri) in Hinduism.
The Dwarkadhish Temple attracts pilgrims and researchers alike.
The site holds mythological, cultural, and historical value and has always fascinated historians and archaeologists.
Details of the Current Exploration:
A 9-member Underwater Archaeology Wing (UAW) team of ASI is conducting the expedition at Dwarka and Beyt Dwarka.
Scientific techniques include:
Sediment and artifact analysis
Underwater diving operations
Marine deposit studies
Photographic documentation
A previous 5-member team conducted preliminary fieldwork in February 2025 near Gomati Creek, identifying new areas for investigation.
Past Discoveries at Dwarka (2005–2007):
Revealed stone anchors, sculptures, pottery, iron and copper artifacts, beads, and rings.
Excavations were conducted around the Dwarkadhish temple.
Layers of deposits (up to 10 meters) with 26 distinct layers were studied.
Underwater remains were heavily encrusted with marine vegetation and calcareous deposits, requiring detailed cleaning and preservation.
Scope of the Current Study:
To extend archaeological coverage to Okhamandal region.
Conduct scientific diving and systematic surveys.
Use modern tools and analytical techniques to study remains.
Establish clearer timelines and historical continuity of the site.
What Makes This Significant?
Offers potential evidence to link mythology with archaeology.
Aims to scientifically validate ancient references from texts about Dwarka’s submergence.
Will help create a better historical timeline of urban settlement in western India.
Brings global focus to Indian underwater archaeology.
Conclusion:
This latest project by the ASI represents a significant step in bridging mythology and science, by exploring whether ancient Dwarka, as described in sacred texts, corresponds to historical and archaeological findings. It is also a landmark move in the growing field of marine archaeology in India.
