Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 winners: Manabe, Hasselmann, and Parisi

·         The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 was awarded to Japanese-American Syukuro Manabe, Italian Giorgio Parisi, and German Klaus Hasselmann for their contributions to the understanding of complex physical systems such as Earth's changing climate.

·         Giorgio Parisi is an Italian theoretical physicist who studies quantum field theory, complex systems, and statistical mechanics.

·         Syukuro Manabe is a Japanese-American meteorologist and climatologist, Klaus Hasselmann is a German oceanographer and climate modeler.

·         Manabe and Hasselmann shared half of the Nobel Prize, worth $1.5 million (10 million Swedish crowns), for their work on accurately modeling Earth's climate and predicting global warming.

·         Parisi received the other half of the Nobel Prize for finding the hidden principles that govern random movements and swirls in gases and liquids.